In the 1990s, Stone directed one of his most ambitious, controversial
and successful films to date, JFK, that depicts the assassination of
John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. In 1991, Stone showed JFK to
Congress on Capitol Hill, which helped lead to passage of the
Assassination Materials Disclosure Act of 1992. The Assassination
Records Review Board (created by Congress to end the secrecy surrounding
Kennedy's assassination) discussed the film, including Stone's
observation at the end of the film, about the dangers inherent in
government secrecy. Stone published an annotated version of the
screenplay, in which he cites references for his claims, shortly after
the film's release.
Stone made three documentaries on Fidel
Castro: Comandante (2003), Looking for Fidel, and Castro in Winter
(2012). He made Persona Non Grata, a documentary on Israeli-Palestinian
relations, interviewing several notable figures of Israel, including
Ehud Barak, Benjamin Netanyahu, and Shimon Peres, as well as Yasser
Arafat, leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
In 2009,
Stone completed a feature length documentary, South of the Border about
the rise of progressive, leftist governments in Latin America, featuring
seven presidents: Hugo Chávez of Venezuela, Bolivia's Evo Morales,
Ecuador's Correa, Cuba's Raúl Castro, the Kirchners of Argentina,
Brazil's Lula da Silva, and Paraguay's Lugo (all of whom hold negative
views of US manipulations in South America). Stone hoped the film would
get the Western world to rethink socialist policies in South America,
particularly as it was being applied by Venezuela's Hugo Chávez. Chávez
joined Stone for the premiere of the documentary at the Venice
International Film Festival in September 2009.[23] Stone defended his
decision not to interview Chávez's opponents, stating that oppositional
statements and TV clips were scattered through the documentary and that
the documentary was an attempt to right a balance of heavily negative
coverage. He praised Chávez as a leader of a movement for social
transformation in Latin America (The Bolivarian Revolution), along with
the six other Presidents in the film. The documentary was also released
in several cities in the United States and Europe in the summer of
2010.[24][25]
In 2012, the documentary miniseries Oliver Stone's
Untold History of the United States premiered on Showtime, Stone
co-wrote, directed, produced, and narrated the series, having worked on
it since 2008 with co-writers American University historian Peter J.
Kuznick and British screenwriter Matt Graham.[26] The 10-part series is
supplemented by a 750-page companion book of the same name, also written
by Stone and Kuznick, released on October 30, 2012 by Simon &
Schuster.[27] Stone described the project as "the most ambitious thing
I've ever done. Certainly in documentary form, and perhaps in fiction,
feature form."[28] The project received positive reviews from Former
Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev,[29] The Guardian journalist Glenn
Greenwald,[30] and reviewers from IndieWire,[31] San Francisco
Chronicle,[32] and Newsday.[33] Hudson Institute adjunct fellow
historian Ronald Radosh accused the series of historical
revisionism,[34] while journalist Michael C. Moynihan accused the book
of "moral equivalence" and said nothing within the book was "untold"
previously.[35] Stone defended the program's accuracy to TV host Tavis
Smiley by saying "This has been fact checked by corporate fact checkers,
by our own fact checkers, and fact checkers [hired] by Showtime. It's
been thoroughly vetted...these are facts, our interpretation may be
different than orthodox, but it definitely holds up."
After a
period from 1986-1999 where Stone released a new film at least every
1--2 years, Stone slowed down in the 2000s, though still finding some
success. In 2004, Stone directed the critically savaged Alexander. He
later radically re-edited his biopic of Alexander the Great into a
two-part, 3 hour 37 minute film Alexander Revisited: The Final Cut,
which became one of the highest-selling catalog items from Warner
Bros.[20] After Alexander, Stone went on to direct World Trade Center,
based on the true story of two PAPD policemen who were trapped in the
rubble and later survived after the September 11 attacks.
In 2007,
Stone was intended to direct his fourth Vietnam War film Pinkville,
about a Pentagon investigation into the My Lai Massacre of Vietnamese
civilians. The film was to have been made for United Artists,[21] but
the company officially cancelled the production start due to the
2007--2008 Writers Guild of America strike. Shortly after the strike,
Stone went on to write and direct the George W. Bush biopic W., that
chronicles the controversial President's childhood, relationship with
his father, struggles with his alcoholism, rediscovery of his Christian
faith, and continues the rest of his life up until the 2003 invasion of
Iraq.
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